Information about Gujrat

Information of 

GUJRAT

Gujrat (Urdu/Punjabi: گجرات) is a city in Pakistan. It is the capital of Gujrat District and the Gujrat Tehsilsubdivision in the Punjab Province.^[1] People living in Gujrat refer to themselves as Gujratis, which sometimes leads to confusion with people from the Indian state of Gujarat which neighbors Pakistan. The major sources of livelihood among the Gujrat populace are agriculture and small industries.

Location

Gujrat is situated on the bank of Chenab River, situated about 120 kilometres (75 mi) north of Lahore, the capital city of Punjab province, and 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. Gujrat is also known asLand of Patriots by virtue of being a district with most Nishan-e-Haider(Highest Military Award in Pakistan) awarded to its residents . Prominent nearby locations include Jalalpur Jattan, Jhelum, Gujranwala, Mandi Bahauddin, Sialkot, Lalamusa and Bhimber-Azad Kashmir. The city is surrounded by many villages and towns, which supply significant labour to the local market.

History

Gujrat was founded by Raja Bachhan Pal Gurjar in 460 BC, according to General Cunningham, the British historian. Historical consensus is that it existed in the time of Alexander the Great, and that the city's Raja Porus put up a fierce challenge to Alexander's invasion at the bank of the Jehlum River. The establishment of Gujrat City was realized early in the 1900 century after the British Empire and in support of regional land lords (e.g., Daswandi Khan of Daswandi Pura).

During the Mughal period, Mughal royalty frequently traveled through the district en route to Kashmir. When KingJahangir died while he was returning from Kashmir, the news of his death was suppressed to avoid any chaos in the empire. His abdominal organs were taken out and buried in Gujrat. To this day, an annual festival is held commemorating this event, commonly known as the "Festival of Jahangir".

Shah Daula is the Saint of the City He Was famous Through out the Area When Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji (1595–1644) Sixth Prophet of Sikhs was Passing though Gujrat City Shah Daula had a Glimpse of Guru Sahib.

The Sikh army under Sardar Gujjar Singh Bhangi in 1765 defeated the Gakhar ruler of Gujrat and annexed it to the Sikh Territories. from 1765-1846 Gujrat remained with the Sikhs.

Two main battles between British and Sikh armies were fought in this district: the Battle of Chillianwala and Battle of Gujrat. Only after winning the battle of Gujrat on 22 February 1849 did the British declare victory in Punjab. During the Partition of Punjab in 1947 there was a large Sikh population in Gujrat District and a sizable Hindu Population as well. During the partition chaos some fled their native homes and villages to the other of side of the border. Muslims from east Punjab, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir started arriving and crossed the border in to Pakistan; many were given land in Gujrat District to settle.

There are many historical buildings and ruins in and around Gujrat. The Grand Trunk Road, commonly abbreviated as G.T. Road, built by emperor Sher Shah Suri, also passes through Gujrat. The road still exists today, along with its period stone wall. Historical buildings and ruins can be found in nearby towns throughout the area.

Geography

Gujrat is an ancient city of Pakistan located between two famous rivers, Jhelum River and Chenab River. Because of its proximity to the rivers, the land is good for cultivation of rice and sugarcane as main crops. It is bounded to the northeast by Jammu and Kashmir, to the northwest by the Jhelum River, to the east and southeast by the Chenab River, separating it from the districts of Gujranwala and Sialkot; and to the west by Mandi Bahauddin District.

Climate

The city has a moderate climate. During the peak of summer, the daytime temperature shoots up to 45 °C (113 °F), but the hot spells are relatively short due to the proximity of the Azad Kashmir Mountains. During the winter, the minimum temperature may fall below 2 °C (36 °F). The average rainfall at Gujrat is 67 centimetres (26 in).

Culture

Gujrat produces low-temperature pottery and ceramic goods,[ [hukka]]s,or water pipe ,artistic handicrafts, flower pots,changairian (made from the leaves of palm and date trees), cotton mates and woolen shawls. Sohni Mahiwal is a famous folk tale of the Punjab region. The heroine of the story, named "Sohni" (a Punjabi word meaning "beautiful"), came from the Gujrat region. She used to meet her lover, Mahinwal, by crossing the Chenab river, sitting on a pitcher. The tale is still told to this day and is an essential part of Punjabi culture. The anniversary of Kanwan-Wali Sarkar near Karuan Wala Gujrat is celebrated with a fair in August every year. He is known as one of the greatest saints that ever lived. A famous miracle was when water in a well actually turned to milk for a period of time. The well is still there. The locals have a myth that it rains heavily at the time of fair (but actually the rain falls because of monsoon) and "Wengi Wali Sarkar" anniversary in 5 January every year at village Haji Wala near Karianwala Tehsil and District Gujrat.^{[clarification needed]}the shrine of hazrat shahdola(a famous saint in punjab) is also in gujrat near shahdola choki. the anniversary of (hazrat shahdola sarkar)is celebrated in June every year.

Economy and industry

Gujrat is also known for its clay, with which the locals have long produced quality pottery. The city also produces fine furniture. Over the last few decades, Gujrat has also attained a name in the manufacture and export of electric fans GFC fan pak fan royal fan and matro fan. Gujrat is also home to one of the two largest shoe manufacturing companies in Pakistan, namely Service Industries, which runs a large shoe factory in the city.

There are about 1,059 cottage-level and small- to large-scale industrial units operating in the district. Rice production and export is another major product of Gujrat. There are many other factories engaged in manufacturing of electrical goods, electric motors and rice cleaning mills. Most are cottage industries, providing employment to a large number of people and accounting, in aggregate, for more than 90 percent of the domestic market.

Education

Syed Ahmad Khan named the region "Khita-e-Younan", or "territory resembling ancient Greece", in reference to the high number of educational institutes present in the area. The following universities and colleges are locate

• university of munawwar_ul_islam Main/Gujrat.
• University of Gujrat Main/Hafiz Hayat Campus,2 K.M off Main Jalalpure Jattan Road,Link University/Hafiz Hayat Road.
• University of Gujrat,Nawaz Sharif Medical College, 2 K.M off Main Jalalpure Jattan Road, Link University/ Hafiz Hayat Road.
• University of Gujrat,Fatima Jinnah College, Fawara Chowk. [1] 
• University of Gujrat, College for Boys, School of Law, Modern Languages Learning Centre, G.T Road.
• University of Gujrat Murghzar College For Girls, Bhimber Road, Murghazar [2] 
• University of Gujrat, College for Girls, Railways Road.
• Institute of Modern Practical Arts & Communicational Technologies (IMPACT College Gujrat)
• Comsats Institute of Information Technology,Gujrat Campus, (Under Construction) @ G.T Road, Chak Murtaza.
• Govt. Zamindar College, Bhimber Road opposite Aziz Bhatti Hospital
• Govt. College of Commerce, Jalalpure Jattan Road, Bolay.
• Govt. Commerce Institute for Girls,Jalalpure Jattan Road near Green Town.
• Govt. Vocational Training Institute for Girls, Jalalpure Jattan Road near Green Town.
• Sanat Zaar, Jalalpure Jattan Road.
• Govt. Swedish Pakistani Institute of Tecnology, Servis Morhe.
• Govt. Technical Training Institute, G.T Road, near Servis Morde.
• Govt Miss froze-o-din girls high school(near walit sah musjid, jinah road)
• Govt. Fan manufacturing Institute, Small Industries Estate.
• Govt. Ceramics Institute, Small Industries Estate.
• Govt. Furniture Institute, Small Industries Estate.
• Govt. College for Teacher's Training, Court Road, Civil Lines.
• Govt. Miss Fatima Jinnah High School (for girls)muhallah fattu pura gujrat city,
• University of Munawwar-ul-islam Main Jalalpure Jattan Link umi-pk.com .
• Punjab College
• Globle City School Dinga Morde.
• Bloomfield Hall School, Jinnah Road.
• Pakistan Intn'l Public School, Near Shadman Bagh, Sangeet Road.
• Gujrat Group of Colleges, Bhimber Road Murghzar and Model Town.
• Vision Science College, for boys Gujrat.
• Ajmery Group of Colleges
• Punjab Group of Colleges, G.T Road
• Jinnah College of Commerce (for Boys)
• Chenab Group of Colleges, Jalalpure Jattan Road and Gharibpura Road.
• ILM College, G.T Road
• Jamia Islamia Le-Binat-Ul-Islam (religious)
• Govt. Comprehensive School, G.T. Road (Govt. Jamia high School)
• Bright Model School (BM Edu. Campus)
• Municipal Model High School for Boys
• Municipal Model High School
• Shaukat Model High School muhallah fattupura gujrat city
• Government Zamindar High School
• Pakistan International Public School (P.I.P.S)
• Dar-e-Arqam Model High School Gujrat
• Govt. Muslim High School Gujrat
• County Public High School Gujrat
• Roots Foundation High School Gujrat
• Standard Model High Gujrat
• Beaconhouse School System (Pakistan) G.T Road near River Garden Housing and G.T Road, Sultanabad
• Jinnah Public School (Near UOG Hafiz Hayat Campus)
• Government Secondary School, Dhuma Malka, Gujrat
• Gujrat Law College
• Grammar School Gujrat
• H.B.A. Girls Higher Secondary School Peroshah
• Ibne imam college jalal pur jattan

Transport

The district is linked with Gujranwala, Jhelum, and Mandi Bahauddin districts with 1,019 kilometres (633 mi) of paved roads. The main Peshawar - Karachi railway line passes through the city and Gujrat is among the important railway stations of this route. The district is linked with Jhelum, Mandi Bahauddin, Sargodha and Gujranwala districts through Pakistan Railway Network. Gujrat is located on the biggest highway of the country i.e. G.T Road which connects Karachi to Lahore and Peshawer via Hyderabad, Sukkhur, Bahawalpure, Multan, Lahore, Gujranwala, Gujrat, Kharian, Jhelum, Rawalpindi/Islamabad. Attock and Nowshehra. It is also known as N-5. NHA has built a byepass over N-5 in Gujrat to avoid traffic problems on the highway.. There are three major roads which starts from Gujrat i.e., Gujrat_Sargodha Highway, Gujrat-Bhimber Highway and Gujrat-Jalalpure Jattan-Chamb Highway. Daewoo Express has a terminal at GT Road Gujrat, opened on May 14, 2004, and connects Gujrat with Lahore.General Bus Stand and Municipal Wagon Stand are the biggest road transport terminal in Gujrat. Gujrat Railway Station is the major station on Karachi-Peshawer main railway line. Gujrat airport does not host any commercial flights, and people use the nearby Allama Iqbal International Airport, Lahore and Sialkot International Airport for domestic and international flights. There is a non-commercial airport in the near Model Town and Gujrat-Bhimber Highway, which Pakistan Air Force uses to train pilots.

Clubs

Beside some active political parties there are various social clubs in Gujrat which are actively working for the social well-being of the city some of them are mentioned as follows,

Gujrat Chenab Lions Club, Dr.Akram Mirza Lions Club, Progressive Lions Club, Young Fellows Lions Club , Friends Lion Club,

Notable people

• Chaudhry Shujat Hussain former Prime Minister of Pakistan
• Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi former Chief Minister Punjab & Federal Minister
• Chaudhry Ahmed Mukhtar Minister for Defence,Govt.of Pakistan
• Raja Aziz Bhatti, a recipient of the Nishan-e-Haider (Pakistan's highest military award) during the India-Pakistan war of 1965; belongs to Laadhian, a village in Gujrat.
• Muhammad Akram, a recipient of the Nishan-e-Haider during the India-Pakistan war of 1971; belongs to Dinga, a village in District Gujrat.
• Shabbir Sharif, a recipient of the Nishan-e-Haider during the India-Pakistan war of 1971; belongs to Kunjah, a town in District Gujrat.
• Inayat Hussain Bhatti, Folk Singer, religious scholar, and Punjabi writer
• Sharif Kunjahi, Punjabi poet belonging to Kunjah, recipient of Pride of Performance (civil award given by the government of Pakistan)
• Hafiz Tasawwar Attari, Famouse Naat Khwan of the Punjab
• Jawad Raza Attari,Famouse Naat Khwan of the Punjab
• Anwar Masood, Pakistani poet. He writes in Punjabi, Urdu and Persian.
• Sabiha Khanum, actress and wife of actor Musa Raza (Santosh Kumar)
• Shaukat Ali, folk and Ghazal singer
• Alam Lohar, folk singer
• Arif Lohar, singer
• Zeeshan Sajid Attari,Famouse Naat Khwan of the punjab
• Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Ex President of Pakistan 1972 -1977
• Abrar ul Haq, Singer

Culture of Pakistan

Pakistan History

Pakistan has strong cultural and historical roots. Half a dozen civilizations have flourished here and left their imprints. Historically, Pakistan is one of the most ancient lands known to man. Its cities blossomed even before Babylon was built: its people practised the art of good living and citizenship long before the celebrated ancient Greeks.


The amazing history of Pakistan can be traced back to at least 2500 BC, when a highly developed civilization flourished in the Indus Valley Area. Excavations have brought to light evidence of an advanced civilization existing even in the most ancient times. Pakistan owes its many influences to the countless visitors to the region. Around 1500 BC, the Aryans came and influenced the Hindu civilization; later, the Persians occupied the Northern regions from the 6th century BC up to the 2nd century AD, while the Greeks were also here, arriving in 327 BC with Alexander the Great of Macedonia.


In 712 AD, the Arabs set foot in what is now Pakistan somewhere near modern Karachi and ruled the lower half of Pakistan for two hundred years. It was during this time that Islam took roots in the soil and influenced the life, culture and traditions of the people. 300 years later the Muslims from Central Asia arrived and ruled almost the whole Subcontinent up to the 18th century AD before the British arrived to take control.

Culture of Pakistan

Pakistan Weather

Pakistan is divided into five distinct geographic regions: The Thar Desert and Lower Indus Valley in the south with arid valleys and rocky hills; The Baluchistan Plateau toward the west with elevation between 1,000 and 3,000 feet (300-900 meters) and covering nearly half the nation's territory; The Indus Basin, an irrigated agricultural area in the northeast; The Northwest Frontier, an area of barren mountains and irrigated valleys bordering Afghanistan; and The Far North with snowcapped mountains reaching high elevations. 

Seasonal temperatures vary widely in these five regions. With the exception of the Far North, summers are hot throughout the country with temperatures ranging to 90-120°F (32-49°C) and little nighttime relief. Trade winds provide some relief during the hot and humid summers in Karachi and a brief cool season comes between December and February. In Lahore, Islamabad, and Peshawar a distinct winter season brings daytime temperatures of 60°F (16°C) or less, cold nights, and - in Islamabad and Peshawar - frequent morning frost does occur during the stark winter season. Altitude governs climate in the Far North, with pleasant summers in the lower regions and perpetual snow in the higher mountains. 

The average annual rainfall varies from 6 inches (40 cm) in Karachi, 15 (38 cm) in Peshawar, 18 (46 cm) in Lahore, to about 30 (76 cm) in Islamabad. Most rain falls during the summer monsoon from July to September, although parts of the Northwest Frontier and the Indus Basin experience a moderate winter rainy season as well.

Culture of Pakistan

This page provides information about the Pakistan Flag. The national flag of Pakistandesign has proportion of 2:3 and comprises of a white star and crescent on a dark green field with a vertical stripe at its left portion hoist. Pakistan Flag was adopted as anofficial flag of Pakistan on 11th August 1947. In the design of Pakistan Flag the dark green color at the background represents Pakistan as Muslim major country and a white stripe running vertically at the left edge of the flag represents the religious minorities. The white colored crescent moon alongwith the five pointed star right at the centre of Pakistan Flag represents the progress and light respectively.

Culture of Pakistan

Pakistan's culture is very diverse. This stems from the fact that what is now Pakistan has in the past been invaded and occupied by many different peoples, including White Huns, Persians, Arabs, Turks, Mongols and various Eurasian groups. There are differences in culture among the different ethnic groups in matters such as dress, food, and religion, especially where indigenous pre-Islamic customs differ from Islamic practices.

Despite tense relations with India, Indian movies are popular in Pakistan. Ironically, Indian films are officially illegal, but they can easily be found across Pakistan. An indigenous movie industry exists in Pakistan, and is known as Lollywood, producing over forty feature-length films a year. Music is also very popular in Pakistan, and ranges from traditional styles (such as Qawwali ) to more modern groups that try to fuse traditional Pakistani music with western music.

Increasing globalization has increased the influence of Western culture in Pakistan, especially among the affluent, who have easy access to Western products, television, media, and food. Many Western food chains have established themselves in Pakistan, and are found in the major cities. At the same time, there is also a reactionary movement within Pakistan that wants to turn away from Western influences, and this has manifested itself in a return to more traditional roots, often conflated with Islam.

A large Pakistani diaspora exists, especially in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and Australia as well as in the Scandinavian nations. A large number of Pakistanis are also living in the Middle east. These emigrants and their children influence Pakistan culturally and economically, by travelling to Pakistan, and especially by returning or investing there.

Perhaps the most popular sport in Pakistan is cricket, and large amounts of Pakistanis gather around TV sets to watch the Pakistani team play in World competitions, especially against Pakistan's rival India. Pakistan has one of the top teams in international cricket, one that won the World Cup in 1992. Field Hockey is also an important sport in Pakistan, Pakistan having won the gold medal at the Olympics a number of times in the sport. Football or Soccer is played in Pakistan as well, but is not as popular as cricket or field hockey. Polo is believed to have originated in the Northern parts of Pakistan, and continues to be an important sport there with large competitions throughout the year.

Pakistan has a rich and unique cultural heritage, and has actively preserved its established traditions throughout history. Many cultural practices and monuments have been inherited from the rule of Mughal emperors.The rich traditions of Pakistan before it was subjugated by Mughuls no more exist in the country.

Pakistan Facts

The country of Pakistan is located between 23.30 Degrees and 36.45 Degrees North latitude and 61 Degrees and 75.30 Degrees East longitude in the northern hemisphere in South-East Asia.


The official name is Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The name Pakistan means Pure Land.


Pakistan borders Afghanistan in the north-west, Iran in the west, India in the east, China in the north-east and Arabian Sea in the south. In the north-west a narrow stretch of Afghan territory, known as the Wakhan corridor, separates it from the former U.S.S.R. Pakistan, thus shares its borders with Afghanistan for about 2,400 km. with Iran for about 850 km. and with India for about 1675 km. It has a very rich historical and cultural heritage. It offers a great variety of vistas which range southwards from the highest mountains of the world, to the hills of fairly high altitude towards the west. The northern region offers raging rivers, breathtaking valleys, snow covered peaks and massive glaciers. These scenes then stretch south-east into uplands and fertile plains in the middle, sandy desolate deserts and arid plateaus towards the south- sandy silver white sandy beaches, lagoons and mangrove swamps and sea in the far south.

Pakistan Is Made Up Of Four Main Provinces:

Punjab 205,344 Sq.Km.
Sindh 140 914 Sq.Km.
NWFP 74,521 Sq.Km.
Baluchistan 347,190 Sq.Km.